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无造影剂下的小动物脏器组织研究

来源：平生医疗科技（昆山）有限公司分类：工作原理 2023-04-20 09:29:09 11阅读次数

前言

CT属于解剖学成像。目前的小动物CT（微型CT）系统大多数采用高分辨大矩阵平板探测器和微焦点X射线机的CBCT三维重建技术，能够在短时间内实现小型啮齿动物（小鼠或大鼠）活体状态下的结构成像。同时，部分小动物CT系统采用了小焦点X光机，也能进行离体动物组织、生物材料等样品的无损三维检测，这种系统称为离活一体的微型CT。 

优势：小动物CT设备在小动物骨、肺部组织检查、脂肪分析等方面具有独特的优势。对于骨的研究（离体实验），如果在小梁水平上分析，一般要求空间分辨率较高，通常在15μm以内；活体小动物的肺部组织检查和脂肪研究时（活体实验），空间分辨率在50~100μm即可。

不足：血管、内脏等软组织成像需要借助造影剂增强对比观察。

(特例：肺部和脂肪研究时，不需要借助造影剂）

今天小编就和大家分享两个不需要借助造影剂的小动物活体内脏组织的实验案例。

案例一、活体糖尿病小鼠

肥胖一直被认为对骨骼发育有保护作用，但是近年来研究发现肥胖会影响骨骼的代谢和发育，肥胖者发生骨折、骨质疏松等骨骼疾病的风险明显增加。研究表明，肥胖并非简单与BMI相联系，主要与腹内脂肪量密切相关，内脏脂肪定量还可作为肥胖并发症的独立危险因素。因而，脂肪组织定量测定是研究肥胖的重要组成部分。相比于体围、腰/臀围比、腰/股围比等间接评估机体脂肪分布的方式，小动物CT具有分辨率高、定位定量准确、可重复性高、安全方便等优点，可用于评估皮下脂肪和内脏脂肪。

案例二、活体小鼠肺损伤模型

小动物CT在肺部组织检查等方面具有独特的优势，无论是活体还是离体扫描都有非常良好的表现。活体扫描还可以实现连续动态的观测，不仅可以验证造模成功与否，也可以长期连续的观察来实现药物有效性评估等。

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[8]未定义数组索引: page
[2]Declaration of app\common\model\TechNewsCategory::getList($filter = Array) should be compatible with app\common\model\BaseModel::getList($filter = Array, $sort = Array)
[8]未定义数组下标: 0
[2]Declaration of app\common\model\TechNews::getAllList($filter = Array, $limit = 10, $order = Array, $with = Array) should be compatible with app\common\model\BaseModel::getAllList($filter = Array, $with = Array, $limit = 0, $sort = Array, $field = 'a.*', $join = Array)
[2]Declaration of app\common\model\Company::getAllList($filter = Array, $limit = 20) should be compatible with app\common\model\BaseModel::getAllList($filter = Array, $with = Array, $limit = 0, $sort = Array, $field = 'a.*', $join = Array)
[8]未定义数组索引: center
[8]Only variables should be passed by reference
[2]Declaration of app\common\model\TechNewsComment::getAllList($filter = Array, $limit = 16) should be compatible with app\common\model\BaseModel::getAllList($filter = Array, $with = Array, $limit = 0, $sort = Array, $field = 'a.*', $join = Array)
[8192]Function create_function() is deprecated
[8192]Function create_function() is deprecated
[8]未定义数组索引: area
[8]未定义数组索引: st
[2]Declaration of app\common\model\Topic::getList($filter = Array) should be compatible with app\common\model\BaseModel::getList($filter = Array, $sort = Array)
[2]Declaration of app\common\model\Topic::getAllList($filter = Array, $field = 'id,md5,tit...', $limit = 0) should be compatible with app\common\model\BaseModel::getAllList($filter = Array, $with = Array, $limit = 0, $sort = Array, $field = 'a.*', $join = Array)
[2]Declaration of app\common\model\TopicInfoList::getAllList($filter = Array, $limit = 8) should be compatible with app\common\model\BaseModel::getAllList($filter = Array, $with = Array, $limit = 0, $sort = Array, $field = 'a.*', $join = Array)
[2]Declaration of app\common\model\News::getAllList($filter = Array, $limit = 16, $order = Array, $with = Array) should be compatible with app\common\model\BaseModel::getAllList($filter = Array, $with = Array, $limit = 0, $sort = Array, $field = 'a.*', $join = Array)
[8]未定义数组索引: center
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: cid
[8]未定义数组索引: goods_list
[8]未定义数组下标: 0
[8]未定义数组索引: center
[8]未定义数组索引: center
[8]未定义数组索引: center
[8]未定义数组索引: center
[8]未定义数组索引: center
[8]未定义数组索引: wtt_list

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[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `is_show` = 1 ORDER BY `sort` ASC,`id` DESC [ RunTime:0.000338s ]
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[ SQL ] SHOW COLUMNS FROM `tech_news` [ RunTime:0.001073s ]
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[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 132 [ RunTime:0.001039s ]
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[ SQL ] SHOW COLUMNS FROM `topic` [ RunTime:0.000875s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT `id`,`md5`,`title`,`created_time` FROM `topic` WHERE `review_status` = 1 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 4 [ RunTime:0.000185s ]
[ SQL ] SHOW COLUMNS FROM `topic_info_list` [ RunTime:0.000895s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `topic_info_list` WHERE `topic_id` = 1 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 2 [ RunTime:0.000286s ]
[ SQL ] SHOW COLUMNS FROM `news` [ RunTime:0.000941s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `news` WHERE `id` IN (864,849) [ RunTime:0.000292s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT `id`,`md5`,`title`,`created_time` FROM `tech_news` WHERE `review_status` = 1 AND `is_show` = 1 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000390s ]
[ SQL ] SHOW COLUMNS FROM `user` [ RunTime:0.000852s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT `a`.* FROM `user` `a` INNER JOIN `tech_news` `b` ON `a`.`id`=`b`.`user_id` GROUP BY `a`.`id` ORDER BY `b`.`id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.005309s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `user_info` WHERE `user_id` IN (592,413,444,224,13,239,598,697,394,285) [ RunTime:0.000930s ]
[ SQL ] SHOW COLUMNS FROM `seo` [ RunTime:0.000846s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `seo` WHERE `column_type` = '16' AND `page_type` = 'tech_news' AND `info_id` = 132 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000207s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 132 [ RunTime:0.001020s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 131 [ RunTime:0.001165s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 3836 [ RunTime:0.000961s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 3827 [ RunTime:0.001045s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 3807 [ RunTime:0.000882s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 3779 [ RunTime:0.001034s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 3735 [ RunTime:0.000903s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 3719 [ RunTime:0.000942s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 3705 [ RunTime:0.000939s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `tech_news_belong_category` WHERE `tech_news_id` = 3669 [ RunTime:0.000942s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `id` = 63 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000206s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 592 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000195s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 592 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000139s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 413 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000169s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 413 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000171s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 444 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000317s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 444 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000139s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 224 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000116s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 224 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000153s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 13 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000162s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 13 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000198s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 239 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000131s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 239 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000110s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 598 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000116s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 598 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000109s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 697 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000112s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 697 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000112s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 394 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000106s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 394 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000107s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `follow_user_id` = 285 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000110s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT COUNT(*) AS tp_count FROM `user_follow` WHERE `user_id` = 285 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000117s ]

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